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BLUE BRAIN PROJECT

Cite this paper
MLAcontent_copy
Journal, I. RJ ET. BLUE BRAIN PROJECT.
APAcontent_copy
Journal, I. R. J. E. T. BLUE BRAIN PROJECT.
Chicagocontent_copy
Journal, IRJET. “BLUE BRAIN PROJECT,” n.d.
Vancouvercontent_copy
Journal IRJET. BLUE BRAIN PROJECT.
Harvardcontent_copy
Journal, I. R. J. E. T. (no date) “BLUE BRAIN PROJECT.”

Abstract

https://irjet.net/archives/V4/i7/IRJET-V4I7694.pdf

Key takeaways
sparkles

AI

  1. The Blue Brain Project aims to upload human brain contents to a computer for intelligence preservation.
  2. Nanobots will interface with the central nervous system, mapping neuron connections and activity.
  3. The Blue Gene Supercomputer, with 4,096 quad-core nodes, powers brain simulations and data processing.
  4. The project anticipates completion by 2023, potentially revolutionizing memory and decision-making.
  5. Concerns include dependency on technology, data security, and ethical implications of brain cloning.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3517 BLUE BRAIN PROJECT K.Pavithra 1 , B.Aswini 2 , M.Sharmila 3 , Sharmila Hemanandh 4 1,2,3 UG scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering 4 Assisstant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Jeppiaar SRR Engineering College, Padur, O.M.R, Chennai-603 103. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------***-------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract: This paper describes about BLUE BRAIN PROJECT. Human Brain is the most remarkable creation of God. The man is intelligent because of the brain. Blue Brain is the name of the world’s first virtual brain. This means that the machine can function as the human brain. So; even after the death of the person his intelligence can be used. Keywords: Nanobots, Blue Gene supercomputer, IBM 1. INTRODUCTION This project was started in May 2005 by HENRY MARKRAM at the EPFL in Lausanne, Switzerland. The goals and objectives of this project are to upload the contents of the natural brain in a computer. Mind uploading can be done by either of the two methods: 1.copy and transfer.2. Slow and steady replacement of neurons. To keep the intelligence of the person forever. That is machine can function as a brain. It can think and make decisions. The research involves studying about living brain tissue using microscopes and patch clamp electrodes. Data about neuron is collected. The simulations are carried out by BLUE GENE SUPERCOMPUTER built by IBM, hence the name Blue Brain. 2. NEED FOR VIRTUAL BRAIN Intelligence of the individual is an inborn quality which is lost after the death .The virtual brain is a solution to it. The intelligence of a person can be used even after their death. In this fast moving world it is difficult to remember everything. So by using virtual brain we can upload them into a computer. 3. NANOBOTS Nanobots are small robots that are capable of travelling through our circulatory system into our spine and brain. They monitor the activity of the Central nervous system. They will be able to provide an interface with computer s .Nanobots will scan the structure of the brain, providing a complete readout of the connections between each neuron and it would also record the current state of the brain. This information after entering into the computer could be able to function like our brain. A computer with large storage space and processing power is required. 5. COMPARISON OF NATURAL AND SIMULATED BRAIN Natural Brain4.WORKING OF HUMAN BRAIN The human brain is an amazing organ.its functioning is given by Sensory input: Receiving input such as sound, image,etc. through the sensory cell.ie,whenever our eyes see somrthing or our ears hear or our hands touch something the sensory cells,known as neurons,send message to our brain.This method of getting information from our surroundings is called the sensory input. Interpretation: Interpretation of the received input by the brain by defining states of neurons in the brain.In this process the neurons work together to understand the environment. Motor Output: Receiving of the electrical responses from the brain to perform any action.ie, how we feel,hear smell and take decisions. The input is through the natural neurons and interpretation is by different states of neurons in the brain. The output is through the natural neurons. The processing is through the arithmetic and logical calculations. The memory is through the permanent states of neurons in the brain. Fig 1.Human Brain Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | May -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3518 Simulated Brain The input is through the silicon chip or artificial neurons and the interpretation is by a set of bits in the set of register. The output is through the silicon chip. The processing is through the arithmetic and logical calculation and artificial intelligence. The memory is through the secondary memory. 6. SOFTWARE USED The primary software used by the Blue Brain Project for neural simulations is a package called NEURON. It is written in C, C++ and FORTRAN. The BBP-SDK (Blue Brain Project Software Development Kit) is a set of software classes that allows researchers to utilize and inspect models and simulations. The SDK is a C++ library wrapped in JAVA and PYTHON. Neural simulation is basically used for building and using computational models of neurons and networks of neurons. The main factors on which the simulation depends are: 1. Simulation speed 2. Work flow RT Neuron is the primary application used by the BBP for visualization of neural simulations. It is written in C++ and OpenGL.RT Neuron is ad-hoc software written specifically for neural simulations. RT Neuron takes the output from Hodgkin-Huxley simulations in NEURON and renders them in 3D. This allows researchers to watch as activation potentials propagate through a neuron and between neurons. The animations can be stopped, started and zoomed thus letting researchers interact with the model. The image right was rendered in RT Neuron. 7. HARDWARE OR SUPERCOMPUTERS The major machine used by Blue Brain Project is a Blue Gene Supercomputer built by IBM. This is it got its name as Blue Brain. Its specifications are it has 4096 quad-core nodes. Each core is a power is a PowerPC 450,850 MHZ .It has 56 teraflops, 16 terabytes of memory and 4 racks ,one row, wired as a16*16*16 3D torus. It also has1PBof disk space, GPFS parallel file system. Its operating system is Linux SuSE SLES 10.This machine is the 99 th fastest supercomputer In the world in November 2009.Silicon Graphics- A 32-proceesor silicon Graphics Inc.(SGI) system with 300GB of shared memory is used for visualization of results. Clusters of commodity PCs have been used for visualization tasks with the RT Neuron software. Due to the usage of large memory system in blue gene supercomputer, the computer becomes over heated in order to cool the system during the data storage the IBM invented a new method in 2015.A special room was built for the blue gene super computer at the EPFL and the machine site on the top of a large room that holds the cooling equipment and the computer cabels. Ice cold water from lakes. Geneva is pumped into support the cooling system. Fig 2.Blue Gene Supercomputer 8. HUMAN BRAIN UPLOADING The uploading is possible by the use of small robots called NANOBOTS. These robots are small enough to travel throughout the circulatory system and it travel s via spine and brain. These robots will be able to monitor the activity and structure of the CNS. They provides an interface with the computer. 9. ADVANTAGES This helps to remember things without any effort. It may be used in making decision without the presence of a person. Intelligence of a person can be used even after their death. It helps the deaf to hear via direct nerve simulation. It can be used as a tool for the drug delivery for brain disorders and it is also used in curing Parkinson’s disease. Business analysis, attending conferences, reporting etc. are very significant functions that an intelligent machine can do. It is successful in rat and some other animals which are considered as the sign of success. 10. DISADVANTAGES We may become dependent on the computer. Technical knowledge of a person may be stolen. There is fear of human cloning. Once a Blue Brain related to a particular person’s neural schema is hacked, the brain could be used against the person. There is a great risk of machines conducting war against humans. It is costly. 11. CONCLUSION We may be able to transform ourselves into the computers. It will bring back some lost talents to the human society. Sometimes it may be harmful. Despite all the issues it is expected that the project will be capable by the year 2023. Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | May -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3519 REFERENCES [1] Henry Markram , DzThe Blue Brain Projectdz, Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2013 February. [2] Blue Gene: http:// research.ibm.com/blue brain. [3] The Blue Gene Project: http://bluebrainproject.epfl.ch [4] Henry Markram builds a brain in supercomputer, TED conference July 2009. [5] The Blue Brainms. K.Kaviya Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kalaingar Karunanadi Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, TamilNadu, India. [6] http://www.artificialbrains.com/blue-brain project. [7] http://www.ijareeie.com/upload/2014/apr 14- special/7_anoopsaveetha.pdf Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | May -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

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References (5)

  1. Henry Markram , "The Blue Brain Project", Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2013 February.
  2. Blue Gene: http:// research.ibm.com/blue brain.
  3. The Blue Gene Project: http://bluebrainproject.epfl.ch
  4. Henry Markram builds a brain in supercomputer, TED conference July 2009.
  5. The Blue Brainms. K.Kaviya Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kalaingar Karunanadi Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, TamilNadu, India.

FAQs

sparkles

AI

What unique methods are proposed for brain uploading in the Blue Brain Project?add

The project proposes two methods for brain uploading: copy and transfer, or gradual neuron replacement. This dual approach could allow for the preservation of an individual's intelligence indefinitely.

How do nanobots contribute to monitoring brain activity in this research?add

Nanobots are designed to travel through the circulatory system to monitor central nervous system activity. They provide critical readouts of neuronal connections and states necessary for accurate brain simulation.

What are the hardware specifications of the Blue Gene Supercomputer?add

The Blue Gene Supercomputer features 4096 quad-core nodes, each operating at 850 MHz, with 56 teraflops of processing power. It also includes 1 petabyte of disk space and a sophisticated cooling system to manage heat.

What advantages does the virtual brain offer to post-mortem intelligence preservation?add

The virtual brain allows for the retention of a person's intelligence even after death, facilitating memory retention and decision-making without their physical presence. This capability could profoundly impact fields such as medicine and business analysis.

What ethical concerns are associated with the Blue Brain Project?add

The project raises ethical worries such as the potential for computer dependence and risks associated with hacking an individual's neural schema. Fear of human cloning and the misuse of AI in warfare are also significant concerns.

About the author

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) is an peer reviewed, open access, Multidisciplinary journal in English for the enhancement of research in various discipline of Engineering, Science and Technology. Prime Focus of the Journal is to publish articles related to the current trends of research . IRJET brings together Scientists, Academician, Engineers, Scholars and Students of Engineering Science and Technology.Published by Fast Track Publications.

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