All of Russia’s seaborne crude oil and oil products exports are now in the hands of a network of little-known trading companies, concentrated in the UAE, that buy the oil from the top Russian producers and refiners such as Rosneft, Lukoil and Surgutneftegas and then sell them on to end users in China, India and Turkey, multiple trading sources say.
The war has already imposed meaningful operational pain on the French major, but the allure of abundant low-cost reserves is worth the increased geopolitical risk.
Despite the strikes, the wider ceasefire is technically still holding, although the sides' positions on Hormuz transits appear to be hardening as talks drag on.
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