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Full length articleVolume 9, Issue 1p37-44March 1995

What happens during vocal warm-up?

Ninni Elliot
Affiliations
Department of Speech Communication and Music Acoustics, KTH, Sweden
1
Johan Sundberg
Affiliations
Department of Speech Communication and Music Acoustics, KTH, Sweden
1
Patricia Gramming
Affiliations
Department of Phoniatrics, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
*
Affiliations & Notes
1Department of Speech Communication and Music Acoustics, KTH, Sweden
*Department of Phoniatrics, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Article Info
Publication History:
Accepted January 4, 1994
Footnotes:
*
This investigation was first presented at the 22nd Annual Symposium Care of the Professional Voice, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, June 1993.
Copyright: © 1995 Raven Press, Ltd., New York.
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Summary

Most singers prefer to warm up their voices before performing. Although the subjective effect is often considerable, the underlying physiological effects are largely unknown. Because warm-up tends to increase blood flow in muscles, it seems likely that vocal warm-up might induce decreased viscosity in the vocal folds. According to the theory of vocal-fold vibration, such a decrease should lead to a lower phonation threshold pressure. In this investigation the effect of vocal warm-up on the phonation threshold pressure was examined in a group of male and female singers. The effect varied considerably between subjects, presumably because the vocal-fold viscosity was not a dominating factor for the phonation-threshold pressure.
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Key Words

  1. Subglottal pressure
  2. Warm-up
  3. Phonation threshold pressure
  4. Vocal folds
  5. Singing

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